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Seleção

Os componentes de seleção são usados para coletar informações fornecidas pelo usuário em uma lista de opções.

Seleção Simples

Os menus são posicionados sobre seus elementos emissores, de modo que o item de menu atualmente selecionado apareça na parte superior do elemento emissor.

<FormControl fullWidth>
  <InputLabel id="demo-simple-select-label">Age</InputLabel>
  <Select
    labelId="demo-simple-select-label"
    id="demo-simple-select"
    value={age}
    label="Age"
    onChange={handleChange}
  >
    <MenuItem value={10}>Ten</MenuItem>
    <MenuItem value={20}>Twenty</MenuItem>
    <MenuItem value={30}>Thirty</MenuItem>
  </Select>
</FormControl>

Recursos avançados

O componente Select é pensado para ser intercambiável com um elemento nativo <select>.

If you are looking for more advanced features, like combobox, multiselect, autocomplete, async or creatable support, head to the Autocomplete component. A ideia dessa ferramenta é ser uma versão melhorada das bibliotecas "react-select" e "downshift".

Propriedades

The Select component is implemented as a custom <input> element of the InputBase. It extends the text field components sub-components, either the OutlinedInput, Input, or FilledInput, depending on the variant selected. Ele compartilha os mesmos estilos e muitas das mesmas propriedades. Consulte a página da API do respectivo componente para obter detalhes.

Filled and standard variants

Rótulos e texto de ajuda

With label + helper text

Without label

Largura automática

Small Size

Other props

Disabled

Error

Read only

Required

Campos de Texto

As the user experience can be improved on mobile using the native select of the platform, we allow such pattern.

<FormControl fullWidth>
  <InputLabel variant="standard" htmlFor="uncontrolled-native">
    Age
  </InputLabel>
  <NativeSelect
    defaultValue={30}
    inputProps={{
      name: 'age',
      id: 'uncontrolled-native',
    }}
  >
    <option value={10}>Ten</option>
    <option value={20}>Twenty</option>
    <option value={30}>Thirty</option>
  </NativeSelect>
</FormControl>

TextField

The TextField wrapper component is a complete form control including a label, input and help text. You can find an example with the select mode in this section.

Seleções customizadas

Here are some examples of customizing the component. You can learn more about this in the overrides documentation page.

The first step is to style the InputBase component. Once it's styled, you can either use it directly as a text field or provide it to the select input prop to have a select field. Notice that the "standard" variant is easier to customize, since it does not wrap the contents in a fieldset/legend markup.

🎨 If you are looking for inspiration, you can check MUI Treasury's customization examples.

Seleção Aberta Controlada

The Select component can handle multiple selections. It's enabled with the multiple prop.

Like with the single selection, you can pull out the new value by accessing event.target.value in the onChange callback. It's always an array.

Default

Checkmarks

Chip

Placeholder

Native

Seleção aberta controlada

You can control the open state of the select with the open prop. Alternatively, it is also possible to set the initial (uncontrolled) open state of the component with the defaultOpen prop.

Com um diálogo

While it's discouraged by the Material Design guidelines, you can use a select inside a dialog.

Agrupando

Display categories with the ListSubheader component or the native <optgroup> element.

Acessibilidade

To properly label your Select input you need an extra element with an id that contains a label. That id needs to match the labelId of the Select e.g.

<InputLabel id="label">Age</InputLabel>
<Select labelId="label" id="select" value="20">
  <MenuItem value="10">Ten</MenuItem>
  <MenuItem value="20">Twenty</MenuItem>
</Select>

Alternatively a TextField with an id and label creates the proper markup and ids for you:

<TextField id="select" label="Age" value="20" select>
  <MenuItem value="10">Ten</MenuItem>
  <MenuItem value="20">Twenty</MenuItem>
</TextField>

For a native select, you should mention a label by giving the value of the id attribute of the select element to the InputLabel's htmlFor attribute:

<InputLabel htmlFor="select">Age</InputLabel>
<NativeSelect id="select">
  <option value="10">Ten</option>
  <option value="20">Twenty</option>
</NativeSelect>

Unstyled

The component also comes with an unstyled version. It's ideal for doing heavy customizations and minimizing bundle size.

API